Cause Connectors

Cause and Effect (So, Such)

Cause and effect relationships are constructed using the following formula.

subject + verb + so + adjective adverb + that + subject + verb

He was so hungry that he ate the entire pizza.
The hill was so steep that Mario couldn’t climb it.
John needed money so badly that he sold his baseball card collection.
The children are playing so intently that they don’t notice it’s raining.
That fire is so hot that it could easily burn you if you get too close.

Intensive modifiers are commonly added to provide extra emphasis. Study the following rules for using intensive modifiers with plural count and non-count nouns.

subject + verb + so +many few + plural count noun + that + subject + verb

Eric had so many puppies that he gave some away to friends.
My aunt’s health food store had so few customers that she had to close it.

subject + verb + so + much little + non-count noun + that + subject + verb

She put so much sugar in her coffee that she couldn’t drink it.
Jason spent (u)so(/u) little time on the project that it wasn’t ready for the meeting.
Other forms which are commonly used are such a and such that.

subject + verb + such + a + adjective + singular count noun + that. . .

Ricky had such a bad attitude that he was expelled from school.
Charlotte was such an intelligent student that she was offered a valuable scholarship.

subject + verb such + adjective + plural count noun + that + subject + verb

Tommy has such outstanding skills that he could play professional baseball.
plural count noun
The referees made such bad calls that the fans were very angry.
plural count noun
She had such tarnished silver that she was embarrassed to use it for the reunion.
non-count noun
The burning building had such thick smoke that the firemen had difficulty seeing.
non-count noun

Source :

http://gmatclub.com/forum/gmat-grammar-book-modal-auxiliary-verbs-100606.html

Exercise Softskill English 31-34

Exercise 31: Nouns Functioning as Adjectives

1. Sam’s new apartement is in a building which has twelve stories.
Sam’s new apartement is in a twelve stories building.

2. We teach languages.
We are language teachers.

3. My parents saw a play in three acts last night.
My parents saw a three acts last night.

4. The manager said that the sale would last for two days.
The manager said that it would be a last for two days sale.

5. Hal bought a tool set containing 79 pieces.
Hal bought a containing 79 pieces tool set.

6. Margie has a bookcase with five shelves
Margie has a five shelves bookcase.

7. I need two cans of tomatoes that weigh 16 ounces each.
I need two weigh 16 ounces cans of tomatoes.

8. I’m looking for a pressure cooker that holds six quarts.
I’m looking for a holds six quarts pressure cooker.

9. He is a specialist at building houses made of bricks.
He is a specialist at building made of bricks houses.

10. Mrs. Jansen just bought her daughter a bicyle with ten speeds.
Mrs. Jansen just bought her daughter a ten speeds bicyle.

Exercise 32: Enough

In the following sentences, choose the correct form in parentheses.

1. There were not enough people to have meeting.

2. Allen has learned French enough to study in France next year.

3. Do you have enough time to talk now?

4. She drove fast enough to win the race.

5. Mike will graduate from law school soon enough to join his father’s firm.

6. We arrived early enough to have some coffee before class began.

7. It has rained hard enough to flood the low lying areas.

8. You should type slowly enough that you will not make an error.

9. He has just enough flour to bake that loaf of bread.

10. There are enough books for each student to have one.

Exercise 33: Because/Because of

Supply either because or because of as appropriate.

1. It was difficult to deliver the letter because the sender had written the wrong address on the envelope.

2. We decided to leave early because the party was boring

3. Rescue attempts were temporarily halted because of the bad weather.

4. They visited their friends often because they enjoyed their company

5. Paul cannot go to the football game because of his grades.

6. Marcella was awarded a scholarship because her superior scholastic ability.

7. Nobody ventured outdoors because of the hurricane warnings.

8. We plan to spend our vacation in the mountains because the air is purer there.

9. We have to drive around the bay because the bridge was destroyed in the strom.

10. The chickens have died because of the intense heat.

Exercise 34: So/Such

Following the formulas, use either so or such in these sentences as appropriate.

1. The sun shone so brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses.

2. Dean was such a powerpul swimmer that he always won the races.

3. There were so few students registered that the class was cancelled.

4. We had so wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return.

5. We had so good a time at the party that we hated to leave.

6. The benefit was so great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it.

7. It was such a nice day that we decided to go to the beach.

8. Jane looked so sick that the nurse told her to go home.

9. Those were so difficult assignments that we spent two weeks finishing them.

10. Ray called at such an early hour that we weren’t a wake yet.

11. The book looked so interesting that he decided to read it.

12. He worked so carefully that it took him a long time to complete the project.

13. We stayed in the sun for such a long time that we became sunburned.

14. There were so many people on the bus that we decided to walk.

15. The program was so entertaining that nobody wanted to miss it.